Sup y'all! Been lurking here all summer - feeding my new ebike obsession - and I've gathered a TON of info from everyone here. I figured it's about time to give back. There's a lot more where this came from, and I will be consolidating all the documents I have over the next week in a git repo. If the wiki is lost, we've gotta start somewhere.
Anyway. This is probably my favorite controller out of the 8 I own. The board itself is made by a company called "Enoch" (Chinese, obviously). and comes in versions with 9 to 24 fets. Below is all the documentation that I've found (that exists?) + translated. My build is a 1kW unbranded 9-Continents knockoff, and 48v 13s9p battery. With this controller, I've peaked at 2900W for ~40sec =D.
Little clarifications on terms/translations: "Slip" refers to coasting(?), "Boost" is enabled for 1 minute after toggling, and this controller's 3-speed-setting can be toggled by either momentary or double-throw switch. Cheers.
##### Enoch 15 Mosfet controller board
The controller is divided into two types: sine wave and square wave. Under normal circumstances, the sine wave controller generates a lot of heat compared to the square wave controller, but the noise is much improved.
The main difference between sine/square wave is control method. The efficiency generated by the device is higher than 15% of the square wave controller, the noise is low, the torque is large, and the mileage is increased by 15% relative to the square wave controller (under the same conditions), and the motor field oriented control technology is adopted.
The controller's superior starting torque and tight battery current limit allow it to operate under relatively small battery current conditions while providing superior acceleration and gradeability.
At the same time, the regenerative braking control performs energy recovery during braking, effectively extending the cruising range and reducing energy consumption.
##### Controller Features/Functions
1. fault detection and protection. The fault can be identified by the LED flashing code.
2. Real-time monitoring of battery voltage. If the battery voltage is too high or too low, it will stop working.
3. Built-in current detection and overcurrent protection.
4. The controller has temperature measurement and protection functions. At high temperatures, current cuts are made to protect the controller and battery. If the controller temperature is higher than 90 °C, the current will drop sharply, and the output will be automatically cut off when it reaches 100 °C.
5. During power generation, the voltage will always be in the state monitored by the controller. If the voltage is found to be too high, the controller will immediately cut the current until it stops generating electricity.
6. The parameters of the controller can be configured by connecting the serial port of the computer.
7. The three switch inputs are high level brake input, low level brake input and two speed switching input.
8. a 0-5V analog input, that is, the analog input signal .
9. can be configured energy-saving mode. As the energy saving mode, the current of the battery current can be selected as a half current mode.
10. Configurable anti-theft alarm function. In the alarm state, the vehicle body is vibrated or the wheel is forcibly pushed, the system enters an alarm state, and the motor will be electrically braked.
11. enhanced power generation brake function. The original ABS brake technology makes your brakes more powerful and smooth.
12. 3-phase Hall position sensor input, open collector output, controller provides pull-up resistor , providing 5V power supply. Second, the characteristics
13. Battery protection function: When the battery voltage is low, the current will be attenuated in time, and when it is too low, the output will be stopped to protect the battery.
15. Compatible with 60 or 120 degree Hall sensor
16. During operation, when the acceleration switch is released or braked, there will be a regenerative current to charge the battery.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------- 18 Fet (ENO-18CM-10) Controller -----------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Board character Function definition
U, V, W Motor phase line
HU, HV, HW Motor Hall
P+ Battery Terminal POS
P- Battery Terminal NEG
GND Ground
SD+ Positive instrument/gauge/tool (speed,volt or current?)
SD- Negative meter
VCC Electric door lock positive power supply
ZH, VH, 4.3V Hall and boost positive power
TH, H4.3V Turn positive power
BH Brake High/Cut Engine -> 12-48v
BL Low level brake power off -> GND
EBS Electronic Braking Toggle -> GND
XH 1) pair of locations for manual cruise
2) grounding 6-8 sends auto cruise
3) one-click repair function
FD- Low level anti-theft -> GND
FD+ High level anti-theft -> 5v
XS Hardware speed limit
DC Reverse Gear
TS Speed control switch Toggle?
XX Self-learning
ZL Ground forced with Hall mode
72V, 60V, 64V Undervoltage selection with power supply voltage
TX Climbing/High-Torque Gear
LO 3-Speed button
HI Boost Gear Toggle
RX Cruise-Regeneration Indicator -> LED
# Speed Control Pads
1, 14, 44 feet:
Pin 1: Motor Hall input
Pin 2: Brake Active low
Pin 3: Program burning port
Pin 4: NC
Pin 5: Regeneration LED
Pin 6: High-torque boost toggle
Pin 7: LO 3 speed switch
Pin 8: HI 3 speed switch
Pin 9: FD anti-theft low
Pin 10: Reverse, active low
Pin 11: NC
Pin 12: Sensorless(no Hall) adj circuit
Pin 13: ditto ^^
Pin ??: VSS chip ground
Pin 14: Motor Hall input
Pin 15: ZL power
Pin 16: Cruise control
- manual cruise toggle
- auto cruise jumper
- Walk assist (?) (one-key repair)
One-key repair activated if:
- undervoltage
- controller will limit the current to 5A if toggled,continues to drive the motor and press this button again to stop, so that the user can easily push the cart.
- throttle not reset
- If the throttle is broken, this toggles 50% speed cruise.
- The user can use this button to temporarily replace the throttle as soon as possible to the repair shop for repair.
- accidental shutdown protection engaged
- one-key repair off by default
Pin 17: W phase lower arm drive, normal standby state is high level (greater than 4v)
Pin 18: W-phase upper arm drive, normal standby state is low level (0v)
Pin 19: V-phase lower arm drive, normal standby state is high level (greater than 4v)
Pin 20: V-phase upper arm drive, normal standby state is low level (0v)
Pin 23: U-phase lower arm drive, normal standby state is high level (greater than 4v)
Pin 24: U-phase upper arm drive, normal standby state is low level (0v)
- These 6 are power tube drive control signals.
- If the voltage is abnormal, the power tube may be burnt out
- If the indicator light indicates that the power tube is damaged. The cause may be chip damage.
Pin 25: V18 user is not available. Need to connect 2.2uf capacitor to ground
Pin 26: Fault LED
Pin 28: ABS brake toggle. Enabled when pulled low
Pin 27: Analog Hall Input
Pin 29: Analog Hall Input
Pin 30: Analog Hall Input
Pin 31: NC
Pin 32: The normal two standby voltages are about 1.26v.
Pin 33: Current sampling port
Pin 34: Current acquisition signal amplification
- Normal standby voltage is about 0.12
- If the voltage of these 4 pins is abnormal
- the current limit may be too small
* the current may not be limited.
- If the voltage of this Pin is abnormal, check R9, R10, R28, Pin R29
Pin 29: Anti-theft Alarm, active low
Pin 30: High-SPEED boost toggle
Pin 36: Overcurrent protection signal input
- normal standby state voltage is 0
Pin 37: Overcurrent protection point configuration pin.
- This Pin voltage determines the overcurrent protection point.
- The lower the voltage, the more sensitive the protection.
- If voltage set too low, the controller will be weak, the load capacity is not strong
- If the voltage set too high. It will also cause normal protection.
- When the mos is damaged or other abnormal conditions cause large current, it cannot be protected in time and the power tube is burned.
- The protection point is calculated as the voltage of this Pin / wire resistance (eg below)
- Assuming Pin = 0.28v
- resistance of copper wire = 5 ohms
- short-circuit protection current is 0.28 /0.005 = 56A.
Pin 38: Voltage sampling port
- when the power supply voltage is 48v, the normal voltage of this Pin should be around 2.8v.
- If voltage is abnormal, it may cause incorrect undervoltage protection or ABS brake without overvoltage.
Pin 39: Throttle signal input
Pin 40: Vcc 5V
Pin 41: NC
Pin 42: Self-Learning (active low)
Pin 44: Motor Hall input
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------ Debugging Controller --------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LED Status Codes:
- Mos Failure (1 long preface)
- 1 short 1st Mos tube failure
- 2 short 2nd Mos tube failure
- 3 short 3rd Mos tube failure
- 4 short 4th Mos tube failure
- 5 short 5th Mos tube failure
- 6 short 6th Mos tube failure
- 1 long 7 short-phase line short circuit, or drive part of the fault
- light static flashing normal, turn the motor card, the light flashes 7 times, the power tube is normal, the upper and lower bridge drive fault)
- If the chip is damaged, it may cause the LED to indicate such a fault.
- refer to the chip, 17-20,23-24 Pin description.
- Slowly flashing evenly (on for 1 second off for 1 second) No Hall mode Normal standby state
- Evenly flashing slowly (on for 0.5 second off for 0.5 seconds) with Hall mode Normal standby state
1 fast flash 1 time pause 1 second
Failure: brake
Possible cause: chip Pin 2 is low
2 flash 2 times pause 1 second
Failure: overcurrent
Possible causes: High current during operation, such as phase line short circuit, power tube damage or drive circuit failure, or overcurrent protection circuit configuration is incorrect. Refer to Chips 36 and 37 for instructions.
3 fast flash 3 times pause 1 second
Failure: blocked
Possible causes: large load stall or analog Hall fault, toggle motor rotation, check chip 27, 29, 30 feet for level change (multimeter may not be measured, use oscilloscope)
4 fast flash 4 times pause 1 second
Failure: undervoltage
Possible cause: The battery voltage is too low or the voltage detection circuit is abnormal. Refer to the 38th Pin of the reference chip.
5, fast flash 5 times pause 1 second
Failure: operational amplifier failure
Possible cause: chip damage or op amp configuration circuit failure, please refer to chip 33, 34, 35, foot description
6, fast flash 7 times pause 1 second
Failure: lack of phase
Possible cause: lack of phase, please check if the motor cable is connected, or whether the corresponding drive part is normal.
Hall Sensor Signal:
- When motor is rotated by hand, there should be high and low level changes.
- If there is no change, the motor Hall is bad or the corresponding circuit is faulty.
- At this time, the system will automatically switch to Hallless mode.
- Automatically switch to Hall work when the fault is removed
Debugging Note:
- Multimeter to VCC circuit
- serially connect the digital ammeter of 200mA. Normally, static current of controller is < 50mA.
- If the plug-in is inserted incorrectly or short-circuited, the capacitors will leak
- Leak -> The current value will be significantly larger.
- This makes it easy to detect implicit insertion errors, short circuits, or capacitor leakage, etc.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------- GPM8F3116 Microcontroller ------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Temperature_Resistance: GPM8F3116 is an automotive-grade single-chip microcomputer, safe working temperature up to -40 ° C - +150 ° C
Anti_Interference: GPM8F3116 built-in 16K FLASH space, can output 6 independent 16-bit PWM with dead zone protection, internal independent op amp, more than 4 times higher than the external op amp, protection measures 2 subtle. Effective control of high temperature, low temperature, vibration, electromagnetic interference.
Frequency: GPM8F3116 dual-core design, working frequency up to 32Mhz, calculation speed and processing capacity higher than the current market, PIC16F72, CY8C2443A, NEC9234, NEC9211, AMEGA48, TMP88F846UG, Renesas OCO62, STM8S903... 90%.
Performance: GPM8F3116 adopts linear RISC structure instruction execution speed is higher than that of all chips in the market using 8051, which is especially obvious in driving high-speed motors and applicable requirements for power devices.
GPM8F3116: LQFPF package, pin 44PING, 35 IO ports, 23 of which can be used for function expansion, to achieve control digital intelligence integration, improve the stability and superiority of the entire controller.
Design: GPM8F3116 is designed and developed by Enoch in cooperation with famous foreign semiconductor companies. The software was independently developed by Enoch. Enoch relied on more than ten years of market experience. The software developed for the market is practical, simple, and stable. It is superior to the controller board of the same industry and improves the market competitiveness.
UltraQuietOperation: s
1) Synchronous rectification technology can greatly reduce the heat generation of the controller and ensure the safe operation of the controller.
2) Synchronous freewheeling technology: can greatly reduce the noise when the motor starts and runs.
3) Constant current control technology: improves torque on accel and climbing ability.
4) Dual current control of wave-by-wave current and average current is adopted.
Brief description: Digital smart board, software default power-on 36V/48V universal, if you need 24V and 60V/64, 72V, 84V will connect the two pads on the board, and change the capacitor withstand voltage and power resistance accordingly.
Compatible with normal, self-learning, no Hall, 24V, 36V, 48V, 60V\64V, 72V.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------- ENO-18CM-10 Self-Learning Steps--------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Official instructions
1. When the power is turned on (the door lock), the motor will automatically enter the learning state.
2. Insert the identification line, the motor will reverse, or the learning line will not turn the rotary handle, the motor will also reverse.
3. When used in an ordinary automaker, you can manually adjust the phase without using a learning line.
4. When there is no Hall, the learning line can be repurposed
# Endless Sphere instructions
1. Make sure your battery / power supply can deliver enough power.
2. Plug in the Black and Red power line
3. Engage self-study wire
4. Connect the key wire (Orange) to +V and the motor should start spinning
5. Let it spin for awhile for the controller to learn the phase angle of the Hall probes
6. Disconnect self-study wire and the motor should stop, DO NOT ramp up throttle at this stage as it will make the controller unlearn step 5
7. Disengage Key to let the controller save the configuration, DO NOT disconnect the Power wires!
8. Reconnect the Key wire, and self learning is done, motor should now respond to throttle command.
9. Configuration is now permanently stored, power cable can now be unplugged without erasing the self-learned configuration.
10. Enjoy