Mt. Gox collapse riles bitcoin users, spurs policy talk
Prices fall to 3-month lows; Bitcoin CEOs try to shore up sentiment; Japan can’t help
By Saumya Vaishampayan, Barbara Kollmeyer and Michael Kitchen, MarketWatch
NEW YORK (MarketWatch) — The collapse of the bitcoin exchange Mt. Gox triggered shock, outrage, and some I-told-you-sos among users of the digital currency Tuesday as well as renewed calls for regulation.
Response from U.S. authorities stopped short of condemnation, however. Instead, they attributed Mt. Gox’s meltdown, which helped send prices on other exchanges to a three-month low, to a symptom of a young industry.
“As any industry matures, it will face growing pains and there will be individuals who believe they can use the fog of uncertainty to cover up their follies,” said Sen. Tom Carper, head of the Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, in a statement. Still, he said the Mt. Gox news is “ unacceptable ” and called on U.S. policymakers to provide a clear set of regulations for bitcoin.
Benjamin Lawsky, New York state’s superintendent of financial services, told CNBC he doesn’t think the Mt. Gox scandal will harm bitcoin in the long term. “It may be a significant bump in the road for the development of bitcoin and virtual currencies, but I don’t think it means they’re going away or it’s any kind of death knell,” he told CNBC.
Their statements followed pages of online comments by Mt. Gox users, many of whom were now looking at the possibility that any bitcoin value stored at the exchange was worthless.
Mt. Gox, one of the oldest virtual trading venues and once the largest, told users Tuesday that all trading in the virtual currency on its exchange had been halted. It gave no information about why its website had been wiped clean of information and all transactions had stopped. “A decision was taken to close all transactions for the time being in order to protect the site and our users,” Mt. Gox said in a short statement, its first update to users after trading had been halted for several hours.
Tuesday’s complete trading halt on Mt. Gox was the latest in a series of halts and delays that have plagued the exchange in the past year, along with spotty customer service and a lack of available information for users. Financial authorities in Japan, where Mt. Gox has its physical headquarters, have said that there is nothing they can do for users with bitcoin tied up at Mt. Gox.
That knowledge has been a bitter pill for bitcoin’s early adopters, particularly those who rode the surge in bitcoin prices from about $13 early last year to over $1,000 at the end of the year. Mt. Gox was once the hallmark bitcoin exchange and it continued to attract attention even as it gave up market share. But a new wave of bitcoin entrepreneurs, some of whose firms have attracted funding from high-profile investors, have been quick to dismiss Mt. Gox as a bad actor and emphasize that bitcoin itself remains viable.
“This tragic violation of the trust of users of Mt. Gox was the result of one company’s actions and does not reflect the resilience or value of bitcoin and the digital currency industry,” said chief executives of six other bitcoin exchanges and businesses, in a joint statement issued late Monday after Mt. Gox trading appeared to have been halted.
‘I’m over Mt. Gox’
The statement from Tokyo-based Mt. Gox did little to comfort investors with holdings there. Jonathan Waller, 30, told MarketWatch he had more than 200 bitcoins in Mt. Gox, worth more than $27,000 on a price quoted on Mt. Gox 16 hours ago.
“My feeling is [that] they’re never coming back,” said Waller, who is a games developer based in Tokyo and has been involved in the bitcoin space for about three years.
“I’m over Mt. Gox right now. They can promise unicorns...I’m going to ignore them,” he said.
Bitcoin is open-source software code that has been billed as a virtual currency and payments platform. Unlike the dollar or yen, it isn’t created by a central bank; bitcoins are created through a process called mining that pits computers against each other in a race to solve cryptographic problems. The process also verifies transactions on the bitcoin network. Unlike the banking system, it isn’t overseen by regulators.
It has caught the attention of several big-name investors, including Marc Andreessen, a venture capitalist who has said bitcoin offers a huge opportunity in the industry of global remittances, and Tyler and Cameron Winklevoss, who may be best known for their battle with Mark Zuckerberg over who came up with the idea for what became Facebook. But bitcoin also has caught the attention of law enforcement. Last month, the Justice Department announced the arrest of well-known bitcoin entrepreneur Charlie Shrem on charges that included conspiring to commit money laundering.
The end of bitcoin’s Wild West
Bitcoin prices dropped Tuesday across several exchanges in the wake of the Mt. Gox scandal, underscoring the exchange’s weight even as many bitcoin players have denounced the exchange. The CoinDesk bitcoin price index fell to $515.13 in recent trade from $545.32 on Monday. The last price on Mt. Gox was $135, according to bitcoincharts.com. The CoinDesk bitcoin price index has fallen about 40% this month.
“It’s the end of the Wild West for bitcoin,” said Alex Daley, chief technology investment strategist for Casey Research. “It’s the end of this idea that we’re all going to trade bitcoins, we’re all going to own bitcoins,” he said, adding that “I don’t think bitcoin is going anywhere.” Daley said he had mined bitcoin but stopped when it became really competitive. He still owns a small amount.
Troubles for Mt. Gox kicked up earlier in the month when it suspended bitcoin withdrawals due to an issue in the way its software was written that could allow for duplicate transactions. The issue wasn’t just limited to the Mt. Gox; bitcoin exchanges Bitstamp and BTC-e discovered similar issues when they were hit by hackers . Read more: There’s a major lack of understanding at major exchanges about how bitcoins are sent.
“The moral of the story [is] don’t keep your bitcoins in an exchange,” said Waller.
Monday saw the surprise resignation of Mt. Gox executives from the Bitcoin Foundation, prompting the firm’s bitcoins to trade at a sharp discount to the currency’s rates at other bitcoin dealers.
Media reports also alluded to a document circulating in the bitcoin world that said hackers had stolen 744,000 bitcoins, worth around $350 million at current prices, from Mt. Gox in a theft that allegedly had gone on for years. MarketWatch has not seen the document, nor can it verify its authenticity. But if the reports are accurate, the theft would represent about 6% of the 12.4 million bitcoins in circulation.
The emergence of any recourse for investors so far is an open question at best. Japan’s banking watchdog, the Financial Services Agency, told the Wall Street Journal it did not have authority to oversee bitcoin exchanges.
The drama surrounding Mt. Gox on Tuesday also led some to speculate the company might be up for sale, owing to the appearance of something unusual in its source code.
On Reddit, a social-news website, people claimed to have lost thousands of bitcoins and others reported getting out just in time. (MarketWatch can’t verify the stories or identities of the Reddit users.)
One user, who goes by the mtreme handle, reportedly invested his life savings of $357,000 in bitcoin via Mt. Gox, to build his son’s education fund. Many talked about desperate and futile attempts to get their bitcoins out when they started realizing something might be wrong. These elicited sympathy but also plenty of “what were you thinking,” type comments from the Reddit crowd.